Analysis of a unique Clostridium botulinum strain from the Southern hemisphere producing a novel type E botulinum neurotoxin subtype

Botulinum Neurotoxin Subtype A4 Originating from Nontoxigenic Clostridium botulinum.

In this issue of Applied and Environmental Microbiology (AEM), we publish a paper by Marite Bradshaw, William H. Tepp, Regina C. M. Whitemarsh, Sabine Pellett, and Eric A. Johnson from the Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin— Madison (UW—M), reporting on the purification and characterization of subtype A4 botulinum neurotoxin (1). The authors describe the purification of recombi...

Sequencing the botulinum neurotoxin gene and related genes in Clostridium botulinum type E strains reveals orfx3 and a novel type E neurotoxin subtype.

Three Clostridium botulinum type E strains were sequenced for the botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) gene cluster, and 11 type E strains, representing a wide biodiversity, were sequenced for the bont/E gene. The total length of the BoNT/E gene cluster was 12,908 bp, and a novel gene (partial) designated orfx3, together with the complete orfx2 gene, was identified in the three type E strains for the fi...

Cloning, Expression and Purification of Clostridium botulinum Neurotoxin Type E Binding Domain

Purification of Clostridium botulinum type A neurotoxin.

Holotoxin Activity of Botulinum Neurotoxin Subtype A4 Originating from a Nontoxigenic Clostridium botulinum Expression System.

Clostridium botulinum subtype A4 neurotoxin (BoNT/A4) is naturally expressed in the dual-toxin-producing C. botulinum strain 657Ba at 100× lower titers than BoNT/B. In this study, we describe purification of recombinant BoNT/A4 (rBoNT/A4) expressed in a nonsporulating and nontoxigenic C. botulinum expression host strain. The rBoNT/A4 copurified with nontoxic toxin complex components provided in...