An implicit numerical scheme for cyclic elastoplasticity and ratcheting under plane stress conditions

The paper reports the development of an implicit numerical scheme for plane stress cyclic elasto-plasticity, capable integrating a wide range hardening rules, and simulating multi-axial ratcheting in metal structural components. Constitutive relations account von Mises yielding combination with mixed hardening. Emphasis is given to kinematic part, which described advanced multiple back-stress model suitable material simulation. constitutive equations are integrated implicitly, accuracy algorithm assessed via iso-error maps. Two main novelties refer incremental update internal variables through solution single scalar equation, explicit formulation consistent tangent moduli. implemented within finite element environment as external subroutine, its computational efficiency demonstrated simulation large-scale experiments on pipe elbows. Using proposed framework, two rules employed simulate elbow response emphasis local strain amplitude accumulation (“ratcheting”). good comparison between experimental results demonstrates highlights some key issues concerning