Amides, Imides and Peptides

Synthesis of amides and peptides using new enzyme function

We have extensively studied microbial metabolism of toxic compounds with a triple bond between carbon and nitrogen, such as nitriles [R–CN] . In the Pseudomonas chlororaphis B23 strain, nitrile is hydrated to amide by nitrile hydratase (NHase), followed by degradation to acid by amidase. This strain’s NHase was previously used for the industrial acrylamide production and is now used for the pro...

N-Arylation of amines, amides, imides and sulfonamides with arylboroxines catalyzed by simple copper salt/EtOH system

The coupling of arylboroxines with a variety of amines, amides, imides and sulfonamides catalyzed by a copper salt/EtOH system has been developed. In the absence of a base or additive the corresponding N-arylation products were obtained in moderate to excellent yields.

pKa values of chiral Brønsted acid catalysts: phosphoric acids/amides, sulfonyl/sulfuryl imides, and perfluorinated TADDOLs (TEFDDOLs).

Phosphorescent perylene imides.

Asymmetrically substituted perylene imide derivatives PIa and PIx display phosphorescence in glassy matrices at 77 K. The lifetime is 49.0 ms for PIa and 13.5 ms for PIx. The triplet energy is 1.79 eV for PIa and 1.68 eV for PIx as confirmed by sensitization experiments of the C(60) triplet.

Mechanochemical N-alkylation of imides

The mechanochemical N-alkylation of imide derivatives was studied. Reactions under solvent-free conditions in a ball mill gave good yields and could be put in place of the classical solution conditions. The method is general and can be applied to various imides and alkyl halides. Phthalimides prepared under ball milling conditions were used in a mechanochemical Gabriel synthesis of amines by th...