American standard code for information interchange

CIF (Crystallographic Information File): A Standard for Crystallographic Data Interchange

The Crystallographic Information File (CIF) uses the self-defining STAR file structure. This requires the creation of a dictionary of data names and definitions. A basic dictionary of terms needed to describe the crystal structures of small molecules was approved in 1991 and is currently used for the submission of papers to Acta Crystallographica C. A number of extensions to this dictionary are...

Standard for interchange of USENET messages

This document defines the standard format for interchange of Network News articles among USENET sites. It describes the format for articles themselves, and gives partial standards for transmission of news. The news transmission is not entirely standardized in order to give a good deal of flexibility to the individual hosts to choose transmission hardware and software, whether to batch news, and...

NIST-Coordinated Standard for Fingerprint Data Interchange

In the May/June 1993 issue of the Journal of Forensic Identification, an editorial written by Mssrs. Watling and Evans was published entitled “NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) Standards on Livescan”. To a readership not familiar with the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standards process, the authors put forth several arguments in support of their opinions. Unfo...

Metadata Interchange for Chinese Information

Accompanying with the growing Internet, DL/M has become an important researches issue. Metadata as a concrete foundation for Digital Libraries and Museums (DL/M) researches and systems, its role has being recognized by different research fields. Due to the essence of Internet, the paper not only describes the research and development of metadata for information, but also addresses on the issue ...

Land Mammals and the Great American Interchange