Amelioration of Flesh Quality in Hybrid Grouper (♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ E. lanceolatu) Fed With Oxidized Fish Oil Diet by Supplying Lactobacillus pentosus

The objective was to investigate the improvement of flesh quality and nutritional value hybrid grouper (♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ E. lanceolatu ) by Lactobacillus pentosus (BL-15). two diets were prepared with 9% oxidized fish oil (OFO negative control group) or fresh (FFO positive as major lipid source, OFO diet sprayed L. at 1.0×10 7 , 8 9 CFU/g, respectively. Five kinds fed initial weight 21.36 ± 0.03 g for 60 days. results showed that (1) consumption significantly increased muscle crude lipid, total cholesterol, monounsaturated fatty acids contents decreased C20:5n3, C22:6n3, ∑PUFA levels ( p < 0.05), whereas addition reduced malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen radicals, cholesterol concentration, levels, protein content, enhanced hardness, gumminess, chewiness compared FFO group 0.05). (2) In addition, ingestion phenylalanine content aspartic acid while restored level not different from > also tyrosine, lysine, leucine, phenylalanine, arginine, alanine same time (3) Furthermore, intake would lead deterioration in flavor increase noxious odors grouper, can mitigate rectify these detrimental consequences. further analysis, downregulated mRNA expression growth factors caused serious damage antioxidant system which protected against potent properties . We recommend supplementation be CFU/g under highly conditions present trial oil.