Adenoviral Vectors as Vaccines for Emerging Avian Influenza Viruses

It is evident that the emergence of infectious diseases, which have potential for spillover from animal reservoirs, pose an ongoing threat to global health. Zoonotic transmission events increased in frequency recent decades due changes human behavior, including international travel, wildlife trade, deforestation, and intensification farming practices meet demand meat consumption. Influenza A viruses (IAV) possess a number features make them pandemic major concern Their segmented genome error-prone process replication can lead novel reassortant viruses, population are immunologically naïve. In addition, ability IAVs infect aquatic birds domestic animals, as well humans, increases likelihood reassortment subsequent viruses. Sporadic past few resulted infections with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) high mortality. The application conventional vaccine platforms used prevention seasonal such inactivated vaccines (IIVs) or live-attenuated (LAIVs), development HPAI fraught challenges. These issues associated manufacturing under enhanced biosafety containment, difficulties propagating embryonated eggs, their propensity lethality eggs. Overcoming hurdles through use safer backbones, low pathogenicity (LPAI), also be challenge if incompatible master strain Non-replicating adenoviral (Ad) vectors offer advantages against stable permits insertion virus antigens (Ag), expressed vivo following vaccination. Therefore, manufacture does not require facilities procedures egg-independent. Importantly, Ad exemplary safety immunogenicity profile numerous clinical trials, thermostabilized stockpiling preparedness. This review will discuss status Ad-based designed protect potential.