منابع مشابه
Adaptation without Natural Selection
How can a system become better adapted over time without natural selection? Although some argue for ‘organismic’ properties such as robustness and self-sustaining regulation in non-evolved systems [1,5,11], others insist that natural selection is the only source of true adaptation [3]. We suggest that understanding how adaptation can occur without natural selection remains a fundamental open qu...
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Clausen, Keck and Hiesey’s studies of clonal transplants during the 1930s and 1940s are famous for demonstrating ecotypic variation. Less appreciated are their studies on natural selection, even though at the time there was little hard evidence of its operation in nature. Here we present new analyses of their study of natural selection in Potentilla (Clausen et al., 1940; Clausen and Hiesey, 19...
متن کاملThe cost of natural selection revisited
In a constantly changing environment, organisms must continuously adapt or face extinction. J. B. S. Haldane argued that the “cost of natural selection” (also called the cost of substitution) puts an upper limit on the rate of adaptation, and showed that the cost (C) was a decreasing function of the initial frequency of the benefi cial alleles. Based on mutation-selection balance and 10% select...
متن کاملFisher's fundamental theorem of natural selection revisited.
W. J. Ewens, following G. R. Price, has stressed that Fisher's fundamental theorem of natural selection about the increase in mean fitness is of general validity without any restrictive assumptions on the mating system, the fitness parameters, or the numbers of loci and alleles involved, but that it concerns only a partial change in mean fitness. This partial change is obtained by replacing the...
متن کاملChannel Input Adaptation via Natural Type Selection
For the model of communication through a discrete memoryless channel using i.i.d. random block codes, where the channel is changing slowly from block to block, we propose a stochastic algorithm for adaptation of the generating distribution of the code in the process of continuous reliable communication. The purpose of the algorithm is to match the generating distribution Q(x) to the changing ch...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Evolutionary Biology
سال: 2011
ISSN: 1010-061X
DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.02162.x