Acoustic indices respond to specific marine mammal vocalizations and sources of anthropogenic noise

Using passive acoustic methods for biodiversity conservation and effective ecosystem monitoring is hindered by laborious, human-mediated processes of accurately identifying biologic anthropogenic sounds within large datasets. Soundscape ecology provides a potential means addressing this need through the use automated acoustic-based indices, which show promise in representing terrestrial environments. However, direct relationship between specific underwater index measurements are largely unexplored. data collected from three broadband hydrophones Ocean Observatories Initiative’s cabled arrays Pacific northwest, we identified periods vocalizing marine mammals sources noise. Automated calculations seven indices were compared across sound type call parameters. Although several did not vary significantly, Acoustic Complexity Index (ACI) increased response to echolocation clicks sperm whales ( Physeter macrocephalus ) burst pulses originating unidentified delphinid species. Measurements Bioacoustic (BI) decreased dramatically whale clicks, more obvious trend when loud parsed moderate quiet clicks. Correlations coefficient confidence interval values ACI BI characteristics indicate strong relationship, was found correlations with calls. A generalized linear mixed-effect model indicated multiple species types contribute significantly variation measurements. Noise generated passing ships consistently resulted Normalized Difference (NDSI) Total Entropy (H) as mammals. These findings provide information on produced sources. This ground-truthing endeavor expands understanding their tool health management purposes.