A standardised and cost-effective VR approach for powered wheelchair training

Mastering wheelchair driving skills is essential for the safety of users (WUs), yet acquisition these can be challenging, and training resources costly or not available. Technologies such as virtual reality (VR) have grown in popularity they provide a motivating environment without risks found real-life training. However, approaches often deploy navigation controllers which are different from ones WUs utilise, do use standardised approach assessing skills. We propose VR system based on program (WSTP) utilizing sensor device that retrofitted to any joystick communicates wirelessly with Head-Mounted Display. In this paper, we present first-validation study fourteen able-bodied participants, split between test group non-VR control group. To determine skills, participants complete tasks before after training, where completion time length movements measured. also assess our using heart rate measurements, WSTP questionnaire, simulator sickness questionnaire igroup presence questionnaire. facilitates more challenging tasks; thus, has potential being used powered users, benefit conducting safely low-cost setup.