A Review of the Water Desalination Technologies

Desalination is commonly adopted nowadays to overcome the freshwater scarcity in some areas of world if brackish water or salt available. Different kinds technologies have been proposed last century. In this paper, state mainstream solutions reported, showing current commercial like reverse osmosis (RO), Multi-Stages Flash desalination (MSF) and Multi-Effect Distillation (MED), new frontiers research with aim exploiting renewable sources such as wind, solar biomass energy. these cases, seawater treatment plants are same traditional ones, only difference being that they use a energy source. Thus, classifications firstly introduced, considering working principles, main input required for treatment, potential coupling sources. Each technology described detail, how process works reporting data on development. Finally, statistical analysis given concerning spread various across which them most exploited. section, an important exergy also addressed quantify losses.