A novel three-dimensional analytical tornado model constructed based on force balance analysis

The analytical model for tornado vortices is crucial in both the wind field characterization and tornado-resistant design of civil structures. objective this study to derive a novel three-dimensional from vortex governing equations simplified based on force balance analysis tornado-like (TLVs). First, TLVs with different swirl ratios are generated numerical simulator utilizing large-eddy simulation. Then, forces axisymmetric calculated time-averaged TLVs. single-cell TLV by ignoring some significantly small terms. Finally, model, which contains radial, tangential, vertical velocity as well pressure, has been proposed validated. result shows that simpler than larger ratios. In TLV, viscous radial directions can be neglected, while tangential remains play an important role balance. mitigates limitations existing models describing vortices, such only two-dimensional being given, neglection shear effects near ground, infinite at high altitudes. It good agreement experimental real tornado.