A New Intelligent Fractional-Order Load Frequency Control for Interconnected Modern Power Systems with Virtual Inertia Control

Since modern power systems are susceptible to undesirable frequency oscillations caused by uncertainties in renewable energy sources (RESs) and loads, load control (LFC) has a crucial role get these systems’ stability back. However, existing LFC techniques may not be sufficient confront the key challenge arising from low-inertia issue, which is due integration of high-penetration RESs. Therefore, address this study proposes an optimized intelligent fractional-order integral (iFOI) controller for two-area interconnected system with implementation virtual inertia (VIC). Here, proposed iFOI optimally designed using efficient metaheuristic optimization technique, called gray wolf (GWO) algorithm, provides minimum values deviations tie-line deviation. Moreover, effectiveness optimal confirmed contrasting its performance other utilized literature, such as FOI controller, also study, under load/RES fluctuations. Compared literature several scenarios, simulation results produced MATLAB software have demonstrated efficacy resilience based on GWO. Additionally, design regulating application VIC confirmed.