منابع مشابه
Prosodic Cues for Hesitation
In our efforts to model spontaneous speech for use in, for example, spoken dialogue systems, a series of experiments have been conducted in order to investigate correlates to perceived hesitation. Previous work has shown that it is the total duration increase that is the valid cue rather than the contribution by either of the two factors pause duration and final lengthening. In the present expe...
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In many economic, political and social situations, circumstances change at random points in time, reacting is costly, and changes appropriate to present circumstances may be inappropriate after later changes, requiring further costly change. Waiting is informative if the hazard rate for the arrival of the next change is non-constant. In a broad range of contexts we show that hesitation or delay...
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This study was designed to understand which factors influence consumer hesitation or delay in online product purchases. The study examined four groups of variables (i.e., consumer characteristics, contextual factors perceived uncertainty factors, and medium/channel innovation factors) that predict three types of online shopping hesitation (i.e., overall hesitation, shopping cart abandonment, an...
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The tremendous advancement in technology has given rise to an increasing requirement for the storage of data in files, databases and other data repositories. As a result, decision-makers are required to use new and powerful automated tools for the purpose of the analysis and interpretation of the stored data, as well as for the extraction of interesting patterns in data. Since the stored data i...
متن کاملHesitation disfluencies in spontaneous speech:
Human speech is peppered with ums and uhs, among other signs of hesitation in the planning process. But are these so-called fillers (or filled pauses) intentionally uttered by speakers, or are they side-effects of difficulties in the planning process? And how do listeners respond to them? In the present paper we review evidence concerning the production and comprehension of fillers such as um a...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology
سال: 2003
ISSN: 1471-0072,1471-0080
DOI: 10.1038/nrm1290