A Mini-Review: Biowaste-Derived Fuel Pellet by Hydrothermal Carbonization Followed by Pelletizing

This review article focuses on recent studies using hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) for producing hydrochar and its potential application as a solid fuel pellet. Due to the depletion of fossil fuels increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, need carbon-neutral sources has increased. Another environmental concern relates massive amount industrial processing municipal waste, which are often underutilized end up in landfills cause further damage. HTC is an appealing approach valorizing wet biomass into valuable bioproducts (e.g., hydrochar), with improved properties. In this review, effects main reaction parameters, including temperature, residence time, feedstock water ratio properties yield described. Following this, pelletizing prepare pellets discussed by reviewing influences applied pressure, pellet aspect ratio, moisture content hydrochar, type dosage binder quality resulting Overall, can provide research updates useful insights regarding preparation biowaste-derived pellets.