A method for HTL biocrude simulation using multi-objective optimisation and fractional distillation

A novel approach for modelling hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) biocrude is presented, using a combination of fractional distillation data and multi-objective optimisation to simulate the various properties non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). The complex composition has made it challenging analyse in process models. Most HTL simulation studies use simple basis limited GC–MS data, which may not be reliably accurate. Applying reduced density TBP curve error by ten times compared single-objective optimisation. In addition,the results were further improved combining experimental into optimisation, contrast with previous used only data. Separating complicated five fractions analysing obtained increased number candidate databank compounds from 72 216, led noticeable improvement accuracy model.