A framework for national scenarios with varying emission reductions

National-level climate actions will be vital in achieving global temperature goals the coming decades. Near-term (2025–2030) plans are laid out Nationally Determined Contributions; next step is submission of long-term strategies for 2050. At present, national scenarios underpinning poorly coordinated and incompatible across countries, preventing assessment individual nations’ policies. Here we present a systematic standardized, yet flexible, scenario framework varying 2050 emissions to build energy mitigation scenarios. Applying six major Asian countries reveals challenges system transformation investment needs comparable This could starting point comprehensive assessments as input Global Stocktake over years. There no common structure way created, hindering efforts comparison analysis at larger scale. Perspective presents guide creation standardized way.