منابع مشابه
Shut Down, Don't Stress Out
Chemical reactions lie at the heart of many biological processes, from photosynthesis and respiration to cell signaling and drug metabolism. Thanks to an atmosphere rich in oxygen, many organisms use oxygen to carry out these life processes. But oxygen metabolism produces highly toxic by-products called reactive oxygen species. When oxidation outpaces detoxifying reactions, oxidative stress occ...
متن کاملScheduling Jobs Before Shut-Down
Distributed systems execute background or alternative jobs while waiting for data or requests to arrive from another processor. In those cases, the following shut-down scheduling problem arises: given a set of jobs of known processing time, schedule them on m machines so as to maximize the total weight of jobs completed before an initially unknown deadline. We will present optimally competitive...
متن کاملZip it up to shut it down
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) can be lethal to a cell. However, most sexually reproducing organisms deliberately induce a substantial amount of developmentally programmed DSBs that are subsequently repaired via homologous recombination in meiosis. The goal of this self-damage and self-repair process is to establish physical connections between homologous chromosomes, thereby ensuring accurate...
متن کاملBlocked pathways: FTIs shut down oncogene signals.
Ras proteins play fundamental roles in cell signal transduction pathways that regulate cell growth, differentiation, proliferation, and survival. ras mutations are among the most frequently encountered genetic abnormalities in human cancers and play a key role in tumorigenesis. The enzymatic attachment of a 15- or 20-carbon moiety to the Ras protein through farnesylation or geranylgeranylation,...
متن کاملTo Shut Down or To Shift: Multinationals and Environmental Regulation
According to the pollution haven effect (PHE) mobile capital responds to environmental regulation by moving from countries with high regulation to those with low regulation. Previous tests of the PHE have focused on host country regulation effect. This study also examines the effect of home country regulation on foreign direct investment (FDI). I use a panel of 28 OECD countries for 1981-2000 t...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature Reviews Microbiology
سال: 2013
ISSN: 1740-1526,1740-1534
DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro3005