a professional is someone whose work involves performing a certain function with some degree of expertise. but a narrower definition limits the term to apply to people such as teachers and doctors, whose expertise involves not only skill and knowledge but also the exercise of highly sophisticated judgment, and whose accreditation necessitates extensive study, often university-based as well as practical experience. professionalism means preparing oneself to do a competent job through learning. this learning may take the form of preserves or in-service courses, reflection on experience, reading, observation, discussion with colleagues, writing, research – the means are numerous. such learning continues throughout the professional`s working life. similarly, the professional recognizes certain standards: of knowledge (of the subject and its methodology), of dedication and hard work, of behavior and relationships with clients (learners, patients) and other professionals (ur,2002).