Although many fungicides are registered for use to control powdery mildew on cucurbits, management of resistance to fungicides in pathogen populations still remains a major challenge. Two biopesticides Regalia SC and HMO 736 were evaluated in the greenhouse and field for their efficacy against powdery mildew in squash. In greenhouses, Regalia SC alone significantly (P < 0.05) reduced powdery mi...

This issue ofMolecular Pharmacology is dedicated to Dr. Avram Goldstein, the journal’s founding editor and one of the leaders in the development of modern pharmacology. This article focuses on his contributions to the discovery of the dynorphins and evidence that members of this family of opioid peptides are endogenous agonists for the kappa opioid receptor. In his original publication describi...

The goal of this research was to study the curing behavior and biodegradability DER 736 modified with epoxidized oleic acid. In this paper we demonstrate the efficient epoxidation of oleic acid with performic acid generated in situ from formic acid and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of H2SO4 as catalyst. The highest relative epoxy yield of 61% was achieved at 40 ͦC after 10 h. DER 736 modifie...

Control of ration quantity and composition is important in the management of horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) or equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) that exhibit obesity and/or hyperinsulinemia. In obesity, restriction of daily dry matter intake to 1.25% to 1.5% of current body weight will facilitate weight loss and improvement in insulin sensitivity in most horses, although...

It is generally accepted that marine bacteria utilize labile, recently produced components of bulk dissolved organic matter. This interpretation is based largely on indirect measurements using model compounds and plankton-derived organic matter. Here, we present an assessment of the relative proportions of modern and older dissolved organic carbon (DOC) utilized by marine bacteria. Bacterial nu...

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) initiates local inflammation by triggering endothelial cells (EC) to express adhesion molecules for leukocytes such as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1 or CD54). A prior study identified siRNA molecules that reduce ICAM-1 expression in cultured human umbilical vein EC (HUVEC). One of these, ISIS 121736, unexpectedly inhibits TNF-mediated up-regulation of add...

Chung and Ross [SIAM J. Comput., 20 (1991), pp. 726–736] conjectured that the multirate three-stage Clos network C(n, 2n− 1, r) is rearrangeable in the general discrete bandwidth case; i.e., each connection has a weight chosen from a given finite set {p1, p2, . . . , pk} where 1 ≥ p1 > p2 > · · · > pk > 0 and pi is an integer multiple of pk, denoted by pk | pi, for 1 ≤ i ≤ k − 1. In this paper,...

A racemic mixture of R and S enantiomers of praziquantel (PZQ) is currently the treatment of choice for schistosomiasis. Though the S enantiomer and the metabolites are presumed to contribute only a little to the activity of the drug, in-depth side-by-side studies are lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro activities of PZQ and its main metabolites, namely, R- and S-cis-...