background: this study detected osteopontin (opn) and matrix metalloproteinase-7 (mmp-7) expressions to explore the roles of opn and mmp-7 in the occurrence, progression, and prognosis of nonsmall cell lung cancer (nsclc). materials and methods: a retrospective study was conducted on nsclc tissues ( n = 152; case group) and adjacent nonneoplastic lung parenchyma (adjacent to tumor >5 cm; n = 15...

Background: Determination of the impact of angiogenesis on tumor development and progression is essential. This study aimed to determine the serum levels of Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) in breast carcinoma, and to correlate them with tumor size, lymph node involvement, and cancer stage. Methods: Under aseptic precautions 5 ml of venous blood was collecte...

background: determination of the impact of angiogenesis on tumor development and progression is essential. this study aimed to determine the serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) and interleukin 6 (il-6) in breast carcinoma, and to correlate them with tumor size, lymph node involvement, and cancer stage. methods: under aseptic precautions 5 ml of venous blood was collected f...

background: the presence of metastatic lymph nodes is the most important prognostic factor for gastric carcinoma; however, the optimal system for the accurate staging of lymph node metastasis for patients with gastric cancer remains controversial. this study was designed to compare five systems in relation to the n classification of gastric carcinoma. materials and methods: this multicentric hi...

Objective(s): Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma, which accounts for 10-15% of pulmonary cancers and exhibits early metastatic spread. This study aimed to determine the added value of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) staging of SCLC, compared to the conventional computed tomography (CT) scan and its potential role as a prognosticat...

The tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system for lung cancer has been modified since its first edition in the late 1960s. Its seventh edition has been recently published and, for the first time, a truly worldwide database was analyzed in order to propose modifications in the staging. Significant changes have been made in the tumor and metastasis descriptors. Although the recommendations for t...

The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) staging for all cancer sites has been periodically updated as a published manual many years. last update, the eighth edition AJCC Staging Manual went into use January 1, 2018. since restructured and its processes, staging-related data are now housed new application programming interface. Consequently, next TNM version 9...

BACKGROUND In this study, we assessed the prognostic value of the lymph node ratio (LNR), established a hypothetical tumor-ratio-metastasis (TRM) staging system and compared it with the 7th edition International Union Against Cancer pathological N (pN) and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) system. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 1343 gastric cancer patients undergoing D2 resection were staged using...

Background: Tumor metastasis, as one of the most important prognostic factors in solid tumors, affects survival remarkably. Cervical lymphadenopathy (LAP) reflects an advanced-stage disease and changes tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging tumor, resulting a multidisciplinary approach to management cancer. Objectives: This study aimed assess importance neck sonography monitoring primary tumors. M...

The Tumor, Node, Metastasis (TNM) staging system, adopted by the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) and the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), has been recently revised, with the new 8th edition of the staging manual being published in January 2017. This edition has few but important evidence-based changes to the TNM staging system used for lung cancer. Radiologists should be...