background: pregnancy associated osteoporosis (pao) can lead to serious difficulties such as fragility fractures, elongated back pain and height loss in affected women. soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa b ligand (srankl) to osteoprotegerin (opg) ratio is chosen as a bone metabolism equation in many bone diseases characterized by bone resorption, such as post-menopausal osteopor...

Solid tumors are frequently resistant to immunotherapy. We demonstrated that low-dose tumor necrosis factorα (TNFα), when directly targeted to the tumor environment, exerts dual effects by improving vessel functionality and activating immune cells. This vascular remodeling in an inflammatory context enhances active immunotherapy and promotes tumor regression.

In the last decade the use of Tumor Necrosis Factorα inhibitors including infliximab, etanercept, adalimumab; and lately certolizumab and golimumab, has revolutionized the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). These agents have been effective in reducing inflammatory activity and limiting joint destruction in patients with RA however their application has raised a number a safety concerns. In...

The introduction of the anti-tumor necrosis factorα agents (anti-TNFα) in clinical practice has greatly advanced the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. The use of these medications results in durable remission in a subset of patients, preventing surgery and hospitalizations. However, there are some concerns about safety and costs associated with their long-term use. Therefore, anti-TNF wi...

Abbreviations: AMPA: α-amino-hydroxy-5-methyl-isoxazole4-propionate; ATP: Adenosine Triphosphate; BDNF: Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; CNS: Central Nervous System; EAAT: Excitatory Amino-Acid Transporter; FGF: Fibroblast Growth Factor; GDNF: Glial-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; GLAST: Glutamate Aspartate Transporter; GLT-1: Glutamate Transporter-1; NO: Nitric Oxide; IL3: Interleukin-3; IL-6: ...

In the present research, two nutraceuticals made from red grape and walnut that showed previously to improve kidney dysfunction were incorporated separately into functional foods' bread made from barley and rice bran. The functional foods were evaluated in rats in which chronic renal failure was induced through feeding diet rich in adenine and phosphate (APD). The evaluation based on assessing ...