the aims of this study were to determine hippuric acid and toluene in urine samples, airborne toluene levels, health effects, and to describe any correlation between specimen samples. seventy-five printing workers exposed to toluene at work (exposed group), and 60 nonexposed people (control group) were studied. study participants were selected from same factories in the different positions. uri...

occupational exposure to toluene is associated with development and progression of renal failure. however, the cellular mechanisms by which these agents cause renal dysfunction and injury remain elusive. the present study investigates the effect of toluene on animal model (rat) kidney to present a broader understanding of the mechanism by which toluene causes renal injury. adult male rats recei...

The present work describes the biofiltration of mixture of n-propanol (as a model hydrophilic volatile organic compound (VOC)) and toluene (as a model hydrophobic VOC) in a biofilter packed with a compost-woodchip mixture. Initially, the biofilter was fed with toluene vapours at loadings up to 175 g m(-3) h(-1) and removal efficiencies of 70%-99% were observed. The biofilter performance when re...

The organic solvent toluene is used widely in industry and is toxic to the central nervous system (CNS). To clarify the mechanisms of CNS toxicity following toluene exposure, especially with respect to the G protein-coupling of receptors, we determined the effects of toluene on the activation of Gi by stimulating human muscarinic acetylcholine receptor m2 subtypes (hm2 receptors) expressed in C...

BACKGROUND Toluenediamines are harmful substances. Toluene-2,4-diamine has been assigned to Carcinogen 1B hazard class, pursuant to Regulation (European Community - EC) No. 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council, and toluene- 2,6-diamine to Mutagen 2 hazard class. The main routes of exposure to toluene-2,4-diamine and toluene-2,6-diamine are via the respiratory tract and the sk...

introduction: toluene is an organic solvent that it is one of the byproducts in the coke industry. exposure to toluene causes central nervous system dysfunction and others disorders. many workers are exposed to toluene due to leakage from tracks. therefore the aim of this study was to determine the levels of exposure through environmental and biological monitoring of toluene methods: air toluen...

background toluene is a cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon which is widely used as an industrial feedstock and as a solvent. it is one of the major parts of pollution in oil-contaminated environments. objectives the main aim of this study was to isolate and characterize a bacterium with high potential application in toluene bioremediation. materials and methods to isolate a toluene-degrading bacterium...

A fluidized bed reactor with ultraviolet lamp and TiO2/silica photo-catalyst prepared in our laboratory was used as a photo-reactor to degrade toluene in a simulated toluene-air mixture. The effects of operating parameters including initial toluene concentration, superficial gas velocity, ultraviolet light intensity and catalyst bed height on degradation rate of toluene have been investigated i...

Toluene is one of several cosubstrates able to support the cometabolism of trichloroethylene (TCE) by soil microbial communities. Indigenous microbial populations in soil degraded TCE in the presence, but not the absence, of toluene after a 60- to 80-h lag period. Initial populations of toluene and TCE degraders ranged from 0.2 x 10(3) to 4 x 10(3) cells per g of soil and increased by more than...

vapor-phase methylation of toluene using methanol and its isopropylation with 2-propanol has been investigated ina down flow reactor under atmospheric conditions using n2 carrier over a series of surface modified andunmodified zsm-5 (si/al= 60-170) loaded with h3po4, differing in the external surface treatment of the zeolites.the feed molar ratios of toluene/methanol and toluene/2-propanol were...