in this study, we investigated the causes behind increase trends in smoking and extent of tobacco use in saudi arabia. we also explored the issues related to and its impact tobacco control research and policy in the kingdom.data were collected from various published articles, public data based such as who, geneva and cdc atlanta. data were also obtained from surveys conducted by various institu...

conclusions to promote the effect of printed images on cigarette packages, it is recommended to consider the suitability of labels in the targeted culture. in addition, to be more effective consultation sites to quit smoking should be introduced under the images. background health warning labels on cigarette packages are among the most straightforward and important tools to communicate with smo...

background recent studies show that the prevalence of tobacco use among teens and students is increasing, and the initiation age of tobacco use has decreased. objectives the current research aimed to signify the role of schools in the process in which student teenage boys became smokers in 2012 in mashhad. materials and methods the current study was part of a qualitative research conducted by c...

context the aim of this review was to examine evidences for the association between smoking and periodontal disease, to discuss possible biological mechanisms whereby smoking may adversely affect the periodontium, and to consider the effect of smoking on periodontal treatment. evidence acquisition a web-based search in pubmed and google scholar was performed to identify publications regarding t...

conclusions the results showed that the effect of several psychosocial, behavioral, and demographic risk factors on adolescents' smoking status. thus, design and implementation of interventions based on the results of the present study may be effective in preventing tobacco smoking among adolescents. patients and methods this cross-sectional study was performed on 810 male adolescents recruited...

background: passive or environmental smoking is one of the important health problems, to which many adults and children are exposed in involuntary status. methods: in this hospital based case-control study, household exposure to tobacco smoke as an estimate of passive smokers was conducted in hamadan, western iran. the purpose was to find the relationship between environmental smoking and incid...

conclusions the findings of this study indicated that all tpb variables are useful tools for prediction of the smoking behaviors among students. particularly, students’ perceived behavioral control and attitudes towards smoking were found to be important determinants of smoking intentions. thus, the findings could be used for planning effective tobacco control programs targeting university stud...

background: as adolescent tobacco smoking has become a widespread problem in developing countries, it is time to understand the cognitive determinants of adolescents' decisions to engage in tobacco smoking. this study aimed to investigate the predicting factors associated with tobacco smoking among male adolescents based on prototype willingness model (pwm) as a theoretical framework. methods :...

background and aims. change in the resting whole-mouth salivary flow rate (sfr) plays a significant role in pathogenesis of various oral conditions. factors such as smoking may affect sfr as well as the oral and dental health. the primary purpose of this study was to determine the effect of smoking on sfr, and oral and dental health. materials and methods. one-hundred smokers and 100 non-tobacc...