abstract the present study was an attempt to investigate the effect of critical thinking on writing ability of 60 iranian intermediate efl learners studying at chenar language institute in khuzestan, iran. to this end, the participants of the study were selected based on their performance in an pet test, a cornell critical thinking test form x and a pre-test of writing. the participants un...

simplification universal as a universal feature of translation means translated texts tend to use simpler language than original texts in the same language and it can be critically investigated through common concepts: type/token ratio, lexical density, and mean sentence length. although steps have been taken to test this hypothesis in various text types in different linguistic communities, in ...

this experimental study has been conducted to test the effect of oral presentation on the development of l2 learners grammar. but this oral presentation is not merely a deductive instruction of grammatical points, in this presentation two hypotheses of krashen (input and low filter hypotheses), stevicks viewpoints on grammar explanation and correction and widdowsons opinion on limited use of l1...

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abstract the main purpose of this study was to investigate whether there was any significant difference between the speaking achievement of learners who were trained by means of consciousness raising of sociolinguistic skills and that of learners who were trained without the above mentioned task. the participants of this study consist of 60 intermediate level students participating languag...

the aim of this paper is eliminating cr(vi) by natural hap. hap is a inexpensive material which is used from bovine critical bone ash in order to remove heavy metal ions like cr(vi). some experiments in different ph are performed (ph=2,3,7). maximum adsorption was appeared at ph=2, dosage=0.3 gr, c0=10 mg/l. cr(vi) removal depends on ph value and initial amount of cr(vi) result of experiments w...

‏‎applications such as high definition viedeo reproduction, portable computers, wireless, and multimedia demand, and ever-increasing need for ligh-frequency high-resolution and low-power analog-to-digital converters. flash, two-step flash, and pipeline convertors are fast but consume large amount of power and require large area. to overcome these problems, successive approximation converter blo...

the aim of conducting this study was to investigate the foreign language learning needs of undergraduate economics students and business management students in faculties of social sciences of alzahra and azad naragh university. in the study, which was designed on the basis of a qualitative-quantitative basis using interviews and questionnaires, 146 female undergraduate business management as we...

the research questions were as follows: 1. is there any relationship between the students concious awareness of the form and implications of the conjuncations and their improvement in using appropriate conjunctions? 2. does students knowledge of the from and the implications of the conjunctions help them to produce more coherent writings. 3. does a comparison between english conjunctions and th...

flow in natural river bends is a complex and turbulent phenomenon which affects the scour and sedimentations and causes an irregular bed topography on the bed. for the reason, the flow hydralics and the parameters which affect the flow to be studied and understand. in this study the effect of bed and wall roughness using the software fluent discussed in a sharp 90-degree flume bend with 40.3cm ...