conclusions with a thorough preoperative assessment incorporating focused echocardiography, anaesthetists are in the unique position to enhance their role as perioperative physicians and influence short and long term outcomes of their patients. context patients with undifferentiated systolic murmurs present commonly during the perioperative period. traditional bedside assessment and auscultatio...

Normal auscultatory findings were studied during a heart survey in which 12 050 Black schoolchildren, aged 2 to 18 years, were examined by cardiologists. Physiological third heart sounds were detected in 96 per cent of children, innocent systolic murmurs in 72 per cent, and innocent mid-diastolic murmurs in 0.27 per cent. The term 'innocent systolic murmur" was used for vibratory systolic murmu...

The systolic murmurs heard in healthy subjects used to be called " functional " murmurs. White et al. (1942) recommended the term " physiologic." Evans (1947) called these murmurs " innocent." Others have called them " incidental,' "' accidental,'' or "' murmurs of unknown origin." The decision that a systolic murmur is innocent usually depends not only on the character of the murmur itself, bu...

Systolic murmurs present in 129 geriatric patients followed to post-mortem were assessed as mitral or aortic in origin by simple clinical assessment alone. Post-mortem examination contradicted clinical findings in only 2% of cases. Mitral valve pathology, mostly post-inflammatory scarring or mucoid degeneration, was present in 50% of the cases with murmurs. There was a significant correlation b...

The general practitioner has to deal almost daily in his work with the problem of systolic murmurs. He finds such murmurs often in apparently healthy children during a routine check and is then confronted by the question whether to consider these murmurs as of no importance, or to investigate further. There exists a wide discrepancy among publications on the incidence of systolic murmurs in chi...

BACKGROUND More than 90% of heart murmurs in children are innocent. Frequently the skills of the first examiner are not adequate to differentiate between innocent and pathological murmurs. Our goal was to evaluate the value of a simple and low-cost phonocardiographic recording and analysis system in determining the characteristic features of heart murmurs in children and in distinguishing innoc...