the interaction of sulfur mustard with aminoacids and proteins has been investigated in this study. rats were injected with sublethal doses of sulfur mustard subcutaneously and intraperitoneally. at different time intervals, plasma and urine samples were collected. the binding affinity of sulfur mustard with urinary and plasma proteins and enzymes was studied for the first time using non-ideal ...

Sulfur mustard (bis[2-chloroethyl]sulfide; C4H8Cl2S; CASRN: 505-60-2) or as it is commonly called, ‘mustard gas’, is one of a class of vesicant chemical warfare agents with the ability to form vesicles or blisters on exposed skin. Sulfur mustard is a viscous liquid at ambient temperature, but becomes a solid at 58 °F (14 °C). It is heavier than water as a liquid and heavier than air as a vapor....

Background: Sulfur mustard gas is a chemical agent that has been used in many wars, especially in Iran-Iraq war. This chemical agent affects many organs including lungs, eyes and skin, causing numerous acute and chronic lesions including erythema and hyperpigmentation, respectively. This study was conducted to evaluate erythema and melanin in subjects with a history of exposure to sulfur ...

Sulfur mustard is a synthetic organic compound. It was first manufactured in 1822 by the action of ethene on sulfur monochloride or dichloride. Since then, the methods of manufacture have been refined, although they have not been changed substantially. Three main processes have been used. The Germans produced sulfur mustard using the Meyer process, which involved treating ethylene with hypochlo...

The interaction of sulfur mustard with aminoacids and proteins has been investigated in this study. Rats were injected with sublethal doses of sulfur mustard subcutaneously and intraperitoneally. At different time intervals, plasma and urine samples were collected. The binding affinity of sulfur mustard with urinary and plasma proteins and enzymes was studied for the first time using non-i...

Background: Sulfur mustard was the most widely applied chemical warfare agent by the Iraqi army in Iran–Iraq war (1983-1988). Considering the role of sulfur mustard toxicity in hematopoietic neoplasms and also new role of JAK2 mutation in these neoplasms, we assessed this mutation and delayed hematologic complications in veterans exposed to sulfur mustard. Methods: This case control st...

PURPOSE To review the acute and chronic pathological effects of sulfur mustard on the genitourinary system and male fertility. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched PubMed and Google Scholar to find studies related to the sulfur mustard-induced genitourinary effects and male infertility. Information in the abstracts of non-English related papers as well as those in the proceedings of congresses o...

Following an accidental human exposure to a vesicating agent, plasma samples were analyzed for specific biomarkers of sulfur mustard. One individual suffered chemical burns over 6.5% of the body surface area and required hospitalization; the second individual developed a single, small blister. Plasma specimens from both individuals were examined using two different assays. The first assay targe...

Sulfur mustard is a member of the vesicant class of chemical warfare agents that causes blistering to the skin and mucous membranes. There is no specific antidote, and treatment consists of systematically alleviating symptoms. Historically, sulfur mustard was used extensively in inter-governmental conflicts within the trenches of Belgium and France during World War I and during the Iran-Iraq co...

Sulfur mustard has been employed in chemical warfare in certain regions including Iran. The short and long term biological effects of sulfur mustard contamination have been studied in both basic and clinical aspects. Sulfur mustard has been shown to induce a vast array of pathological effects in affected persons. In addition to skin, lung, eyes and gastrointestinal disturbances, sulfur mustard ...