In the classical Projection-based Model for cardinal directions [6], a two-dimensional Euclidean space relative to an arbitrary single-piece region, a, is partitioned into the following nine tiles: North-West, NW(a); North, N(a); North-East, NE(a); West, W(a); Neutral Zone, O(a);East, E(a); South-West, SW(a); South, S(a); and South-East,SE(a). In our Horizontal and Vertical Constraints Model [9...

This paper investigates the direction of causal link between foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic growth measured in GDP in nineteen developing countries of SouthEast Asia and Latin America using Cointegration technique, Granger causality test and Error Correction Model (ECM). This paper finds that five countries in Latin America and one country in East and South East Asia have long run...

The present study focuses on the gold mining in Mahd Ad Dahab region of Saudi Arabia. The study aims at the integrated use of existing meteorological information with the drainage basin morphometry of the mine catchment for determining the preferential flow path for the mine contaminants. The study reveals that the actual mining area lies at the headwaters of two watersheds: Watershed A and Wat...

The objective of this work was to evaluate the variations environmental factors under canopy papaya planted in a north-south and east-west orientation. Two areas were studied, one oriented other east-west, both with spacing 3.20 mx 2.40 m, April 2015. distances from line (levels shading) place full sun, where it evaluated, North-South direction: planting line, at 40 cm west side, east side sun;...

For a two-dimensional solid silicon thermal wind sensor with symmetrical structure, the wind speed and direction information can be derived from the output voltages in two orthogonal directions, i.e., the north-south and east-west. However, the output voltages in these two directions will vary linearly with the ambient temperature. Therefore, in this paper, a temperature model to study the temp...

Xylem sap flux density (Fd) was measured, on a 43-year-old (mature) and three 4-year-old (young) mango (Mangifera indica L.) trees, using Granier-type probes. The relative influences of environmental variables were examined under well-watered condition. Circumferential variation in Fd was also investigated by placing sensors on the north, south-west and south-east sides of the mature tree. Sap ...

Part I of this paper showed that a field commander can expect approximately 65% of his unprotected electronic medical equipment to be damaged by the electromagnetic pulse (EMP) from a single nuclear detonation as far as 2200 km away. Using computer modeling, field-expedient ways to minimize the effects of EMP were studied. The results were: (1) keep wiring near the ground, (2) keep wiring short...