the presentation will focus on the key areas that are essential to build a comprehensive policy towards reducing child injury and fatalities. the presentation will focus on the importance of the public awareness (education on the use of child restraint systems), the need to have an overall road safety programme, law enforcement (mandatory use of protection systems for children in car) and final...

restraint-induced stress (rs) increases histamine concentration in the brain. there is no previous report regarding the role of histamine receptors in immunomodulatory effect of rs. in the present study the role of brain histamine receptors on reduction of humoral and cellular immune function induced by rs was evaluated. for this purpose male wistar rats (200-250 g) were immunized with sheep re...

objective: the present study aimed to determine whether castration altered osmotically stimulated vasopressin (vp) release and urinary volume and what is the role of endocrine-stress axis in this process. materials and methods: totally 108 mice were studied in two main groups of castrated (n=78) and control (n=30). each group was extracted by acute cold stress (4◦c for 2h/day), restraint stress...

We describe a novel soft jacket and sling-harness restraint that permits species-typical postures for small-bodied primates, such as the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), during long-term (>6 h), continuous restraint. The restraint system is straightforward to use and manipulate, it is easily repaired, and the materials used are readily available. The soft jacket allows for increased versat...

OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to examine the effectiveness of the active head restraint system in reducing neck injury risk of car occupants in low-speed rear impacts. METHODS A human body FE model "THUMS" was used to simulate head and neck kinematics of the occupant and to evaluate loading to the neck. Joint capsule strain was calculated to predict neck injury risk as well as NIC...

Introduction: Stress has many effects on the development of systems and organs in the fetal period, and these effects appear after birth. Since hemopoietic system is susceptible to stress, effects of restraint stress were studied in offspring of pregnant rats. Methods: Pregnant rats were divided into one control and three stress groups. The control group did not receive any stress during th...

The energy absorption of concrete filled, hollow-steel bracing was analyzed respect to geometric and mechanical parameters including the width-to-thickness section ratio, slenderness level, and strength of the steel and concrete. Local buckling and ductility were also investigated with respect to variation in the cross-section. The infill increased the compression resistance, even after multipl...

introduction: stress has many effects on the development of systems and organs in the fetal period, and these effects appear after birth. since hemopoietic system is susceptible to stress, effects of restraint stress were studied in offspring of pregnant rats. methods: pregnant rats were divided into one control and three stress groups. the control group did not receive any stress during the ge...

Optimal performance of future adaptive restraint systems will require an accurate assessment of occupant characteristics including physical properties and pre-collision behavior of the occupant. This study is aimed at evaluating the sensitivity of frontal collision induced injuries to occupant state parameters: stature, mass, and pre-collision postural orientation. A numerically modeled restrai...