the influence of wind erosion on soil productivity was studied applying fan-forced wind in a wind tunnel located in the campo de nijar area in se spain where the main crops are cereals. wind erosion is highly variable depending on the type of soil (aric-haplic calcisols, aric-calcaric cambisols or aric-calcic luvisols, according to iuss working group wrb, 2014) and the time elapsed since the la...

This paper proposes an advanced distribution automation planning problem in which emergency-based demand response plans are incorporated during service restoration process. The fitness function of this planning problem consists of various costs associated with fault occurrence in electric distribution systems consisting of the total yearly cost of customers’ interruptions, the total annualized ...

Link restoration and path restoration are the two major techniques used for telecom network restoration in DCS (Digital Cross-connect System) mesh networks. For rerouting to be possible, su cient spare capacity must exist in the links of the chosen alternate paths. Path restoration results in lower additional cost compared to link restoration. Tra c splitting can be used to further reduce the a...

In self-healing networks, end-to-end restoration schemes have been considered more advantageous than line restoration schemes because of a possible cost reduction of the total capacity to construct a fully restorable network. This paper clarifies the benefit of end-to-end restoration schemes quantitatively through a comparative analysis of the minimum link capacity installation cost. A jointly ...

This paper studies the capacity and flow assignment problem arising in the design of self-healing asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks using the virtual path concept. The problem is formulated here as a linear programming problem which is solved using standard methods. The objective is to minimize the spare capacity cost for the given restoration requirement. The spare cost depends on the ...

this case report refers to the esthetic and functional restorations of extensively damaged maxillary central incisors with dental caries in a 32-year-old woman, with the use of posts and crowns made from natural extracted teeth. proper restoration of such teeth with the use of natural teeth fragments are known as “biological restoration.” biological restorations can be done by using the fragmen...

This paper presents the results of a comparative study of spare capacity assignment for original quasi-path restoration (OQPR), improved quasi-path restoration (IQPR), link restoration (LR), path restoration (PR) and link-disjoint path restoration (LDPR) schemes. Numerical results indicate that the restoration schemes studied can be sorted from most expensive to least expensive (spare capacity ...

Early in my fifty-year career as an environmental scientist I realized that the root cause of most problems was flawed economics ([Bainbridge 1985][1]). have always tried to understand economic pressures and value propositions shape how we treat environment each