Regeneration Biology is the study of organisms with endogenous regenerative abilities, whereas Regenerative Medicine focuses on engineering solutions for human injuries that do not regenerate. While the two fields are fundamentally different in their approach, there is an obvious interface involving mammalian regeneration models. The fingertip is the only part of the human limb that is regenera...

mesenchymal stem cells (mscs),as the major stem cells for cell therapy, have been studied from different aspects in pre-clinical and clinical settings for more than a decade. these cells modulate the immune system (humoral and cellular immune responses) in vitro by producing soluble factors (anti-inflammatory molecules) and/or making cell-cell contacts. hence they could be used in regenerative ...

The prevalence of blinding diseases such as agerelated macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy have significantly increased in the United States over the last decade.1 In response to the higher incidence of retinal degenerative diseases, the National Eye Institute (NEI) of the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) has recently proposed the audacious goal of regenerating n...

Regenerative medicine seeks to understand tissue development and homeostasis and build on that knowledge to enhance regeneration of injured tissues. By replenishing lost functional tissues and cells, regenerative medicine could change the treatment paradigm for a broad range of degenerative and ischemic diseases. Multipotent cells hold promise as potential building blocks for regenerating lost ...

Hard tissues and organs, including the bones, teeth and cartilage, are the most extensively exploited and rapidly developed areas in regenerative medicine field. One prominent character of hard tissues and organs is that their extracellular matrices mineralize to withstand weight and pressure. Over the last two decades, a wide variety of 3D printing technologies have been adapted to hard tissue...

When Science celebrated its 125th anniversary in 2005, the editors of the journal published a special issue in which they took a look at the most compelling questions faced by scientists. Among the top 25 questions was “what controls organ regeneration?” In the accompanying essay [1], Science argued that regenerative medicine will not be able to rebuild organs and tissues, unless researchers un...