abstract niklas luhmann was one of the prominent thinkers in the realm of sociology and the philosophy of social sciences. his approach was a systems approach. he classified the realm of reality and its entities into four groups that consisted of: machines, organisms, psychic systems, social systems. he belonged to the second wave of systemic thought and focused on the complexity and emergence ...

There are several reasons to explain why transmission system loading is less than 100%. These reasons include: (i) reliability, (ii) uncertainties associated with the demand growth forecast and (iii) different dispatch scenarios due to Renewable Energy Sources (RES), i.e., hydroelectricity, modern biomass, wind and solar power. The combination of these facts leads to high investments in the tra...

Most modern linguists agree that metaphor and metonymy are two distinct constructions arising from two distinct cognitive operations, although they are alike in that they both involve an explicit source expression (that which is mentioned) which suggests an implicit target (intended item of communication). The most common description of the fundamental difference between metaphor and metonymy i...

the present study sought to investigate the acquisition of referential, quasi and expletive subject pronouns, three different types of obligatory subjects in english, by adult persian speaking l2 learners of english at different stages of l2 acquisition. a grammaticality judgment test and a translation test were designed and developed to elicit the participants' knowledge of obligatory subjects...

Many languages use definite and indefinite articles to signal the referential status of individuals in conversational space. But articles are not necessary to set up or maintain discourse reference, as witnessed by the fact that languages can also get by with bare nominals. Similarly, we find that many, but not all languages use a morphological singular/plural contrast to distinguish reference ...

The present study sought to investigate the acquisition of referential, quasi and expletive subject pronouns, three different types of obligatory subjects in English, by adult Persian speaking L2 learners of English at different stages of L2 acquisition. A Grammaticality Judgment Test and a Translation Test were designed and developed to elicit the participants' knowledge of obligatory subjects...

To prevent information leakage in multilevel secure data models, the concept of polyinstantiation was inevitably introduced. Unfortunately, when it comes to references through foreign key in multilevel relational data models, the polyinstantiation causes referential ambiguities. To resolve this problem, this paper proposes an extended referential integrity semantics for a multilevel relational ...