abstract backgrounds: subacromial impingement is a common cause of shoulder pain and many patients with this condition recover with conservative management. the most commonly used modalities of nonoperative treatment include activity modification, anti-inflammatory medication and subacromial injection of steroid and ultrasound and physical therapy programs. this study assessed the value of phys...

background: intrauterine insemination (iui) is one of the most appropriate and cost-effective methods in infertility treatment. objective: we aimed to investigate effect of vaginal misoprostol on pregnancy rate after iui. materials and methods: two hundred and ten infertile women who were referred to infertility clinic of alzahra hospital by an indication of iui during 2012-2013 were randomly a...

randomization is an essential component of sound clinical trials which prevents selection biases and helps in blinding the allocations. randomization is a process by which subsequent subjects enrolled into trial groups only by chance which is essentially eliminates selection biases. a serious consequence of randomization is severe imbalance among treatment groups with respect to some prognostic...

background: oral health education for the mothers of very young children is important in reducing the risk of early childhood caries. this study aimed to evaluate the impact of an oral health intervention among mothers of 1-2 years old children. methods: this cluster randomized controlled trial (2012) was conducted among ninety mothers of 1-2 year old children. the setting of study was 10 child...

BACKGROUND Some argue that by precluding individualized treatment, randomized clinical trials (RCTs) provide substandard medical care, while others claim that participation in clinical research is associated with improved patient outcomes. However, there are few data to assess the impact of random treatment assignment on RCT participants. We therefore performed a systematic review to quantify t...

Empiric data and theoretical arguments suggest an alternative randomized clinical trial (RCT) design, called expertise-based RCT, has enhanced validity, applicability, and ethical integrity compared with conventional RCT. Little is known, however, about whether physicians will participate in an expertise-based RCT. In a cross-sectional survey of Canadian orthopaedic surgeons, we evaluated prefe...

background: this study intended to determine the effects of vitamin d and calcium?vitamin d in treating leg cramps in pregnant women. materials and methods: this study was conducted as a double?blind randomized controlled clinical trial on 126 participants, 18–35?year?old pregnant women with a minimum of two leg cramps per week who were referred to health?care centers in tabriz?iran in 2013. th...

disease is a matter with which each person may face in his life. if caregivers want to provide real and complete health care services, comprehensive attention to the spiritual needs of a patient is indispensibe. since many people obtain spirituality through religion, appropriate religious care can promote spiritual health of patients. this research aimed at examining religious care program and ...