the aim of this paper is to study the philosophical anthropology of mandaeans from their authentic sources. the method of the study has been documentary and analytical - deductive. sabean mandaeans is one of the earliest religions of such beliefs as monotheism, prophethood and resurrection. today, believers of this religion live quietly in southern iraq and khuzestan. the quran has mentioned sa...

“ibn-e hisam-khosfi” is a poet of ninth hijra century who composed “khavar-nameh” in describing imam ali (a.s) and his followers’ braveries and battles as approach and style of ferdousy’s shahname. in this rhymed piece, he did not only consider expressing the story sufficient but also made an effort to publish the religious and moral concepts and utilized a lot from quran to express these conce...

Our research suggests al-Shaykh al-Mufīd was the first author to write down “Systematic Kalām” within framework of Imāmiyya works, which has survived present day. He reviewed and rationalized theological issues Imāmiyya, produced major works like Taṣḥīḥ al-I‘tiqādāt, Awā’il al-Maqālāt, al-Nukat fī Muqaddimāt al-Uṣūl, al-I‘tiqādiyya, in that context. While method content seem be influenced by Ba...

Desiccation-tolerance (DT) evolved as the key solution to survival on land by the early algal ancestors of terrestrial plants. This 'first' DT involved utilizing rapidly mobilisable repair mechanisms and is still found today in mosses, such as Tortula ruralis, and ferns, such as Mohria caffrorum. The first seed plants lost vegetative DT while investing their seeds with tolerance mechanisms impr...

In rare circumstances, scientists have been able to revive dormant propagules from ancestral populations and rear them with their descendants to make inferences about evolutionary responses to environmental change. Although this is a powerful approach to directly assess microevolution, it has previously depended entirely upon fortuitous conditions to preserve ancestral material. We propose a co...