introduction clitromegaly can be congenital or acquired with the former type being more prevalent. the main etiology behind the acquired type is hormonal imbalance affecting mainly adult women. this type is seen mostly in association with polycystic ovarian syndrome, hyperthecosis, ovarian tumors, and clitoral cysts or it can be drug-induced. clitoral leiomyoma is a rare benign tumor of female ...

background: although it is assumed that calcium has beneficial effects on weight loss, the interaction of calcium and iron would be a major concern. we did this study to investigate the effects of calcium and low-fat milk on serum ferritin in overweight or obese premenopausal women.   methods: sixty-four healthy overweight or obese premenopausal women recruited in shahid beheshti university of ...

background: aub is a common cause of women’s referring to gynecologists. although hysteroscopy is known as the gold standard technique for diagnosing the cause of aub, sonohysterography is less invasive, and it is performed by general gynecologists. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of sonohysterography compared to the results of the endometrial biopsy, guided...

BACKGROUNDS The number and activity of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in prehypertension is preserved in premenopausal women. However, whether this favorable effect still exists in prehypertensive premenopausal women with diabetes is not clear. METHODS This study compared the number and functional activity of circulating EPCs in normotensive or prehypertensive premenopausal w...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the high risk factors and coronary lesion features in premenopausal women with coronary artery disease (CAD) and provide guideline for diagnosis and therapy. METHODS 114 premenopausal women and 134 postmenopausal women were conducted coronary angiography in our hospital from September, 2012 to September, 2014. According to the results of coronary...

Metabolic syndrome has been associated with an increased risk of breast cancer; however, little is known about the association between metabolic syndrome and percent mammographic density, a strong predictor of breast cancer. We analyzed cross-sectional data from 789 premenopausal and 322 postmenopausal women in the Mexican Teacher's Cohort (ESMaestras). Metabolic syndrome was defined according ...

OBJECTIVE To compare bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine (L1-L4), total hip (TH), and femoral neck (FN) analyzed by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) in premenopausal women with hyperthyroidism and in healthy premenopausal women. MATERIAL AND METHOD Cross-sectional study included 49 premenopausal women with hyperthyroidism and 49 healthy premenopausal women. Age, weight and bo...

Background and aim: Hyposalivation is one of the most common complications during menopause, which affects the quality of life. The aim of the present study was to assess the correlation between menopause and salivary flow rate. Materials and methods: This historical-cohort study was conducted on 80 healthy women. Forty postmenopausal women were placed in the case group, while 40 premenopaus...

We aimed at the evaluation of the relationship between adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP) and cardiometabolic risk factors in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Additionally, we compared A-FABP with adipokines related to metabolic syndrome (MetS) such as leptin and adiponectin. 94 premenopausal and 90 early postmenopausal middle-aged Caucasian women were subject to examinations....