abstract this study was mainly conducted due to importance of plant manna and their production process regarding pharmaceutical use. therefore, the behaviourial characteristics of spittlebug poophilus nebulosus leth on alhagi persarum boiss & buhse camel thron plant in torbate jam region, khorasan razavi state were assessed during 2006 and 2007. the bug’s discharge after feeding on the camel th...

An annotated list of Aphrophoridae of Iran is provided, based on examination of specimens housed in the Hayk Mirzayans Insect Museum (Iran) and the National Museum of Wales, Cardiff (UK) and on previously published records. Ten species are now recorded from Iran. An identification key to the genera and species is provided, with illustrations and together with distributions. The subgenus Philaen...

Potential resistance to the twolined spittlebug, Prosapia bicincta (Say), was evaluated among 56 turfgrass genotypes. Greenhouse, laboratory, and Þeld bioassays identiÞed differences in spittlebug survival and development, host preference and damage levels, and turfgrass tolerance to and ability to recover from pest induced injury. All centipede grasses demonstrated high levels of susceptibilit...

Potential resistance to the twolined spittlebug, Prosapia bicincta (Say), was evaluated among 56 turfgrass genotypes. Greenhouse, laboratory, and field bioassays identified differences in spittlebug survival and development, host preference and damage levels, and turfgrass tolerance to and ability to recover from pest induced injury. All centipede grasses demonstrated high levels of susceptibil...

The feeding performance of individual hatchery-reared (HR) and wild juvenile spotted seatrout Cynoscion nebulosus was compared across a series of six 1·5 h feeding exposures over a 3 day period in a controlled experiment. The predation cycle served as a context for discerning feeding performance elements. The experimental design facilitated assessments of the effects of experience, motivation d...

This study examined habitat use patterns of newly settled spotted seatrout Cynoscion nebulosus (Cuvier) across several Gulf of Mexico estuaries. Intensive sampling using an epibenthic sled was conducted in three Texas bays and among three potential habitat types. A long-term data set (1982 to 1997) from the National Marine Fisheries Service was also used to examine C. nebulosus habitat use patt...

This study examined habitat use patterns of newly settled spotted seatrout Cynoscion nebulosus (Cuvier) across several Gulf of Mexico estuaries. Intensive sampling using an epibenthic sled was conducted in three Texas bays and among three potential habitat types. A long-term data set (1982 to 1997) from the National Marine Fisheries Service was also used to examine C. nebulosus habitat use patt...

Plants can resist herbivore damage through three broad mechanisms: antixenosis, antibiosis and tolerance(1). Antixenosis is the degree to which the plant is avoided when the herbivore is able to select other plants(2). Antibiosis is the degree to which the plant affects the fitness of the herbivore feeding on it(1).Tolerance is the degree to which the plant can withstand or repair damage caused...

The ultrastructure of the spittlebug Notozulia entreriana (Berg) is presented. The study resulted in 32 scanning electron microscope photos, with detailed species description.