errors in blood pressure (bp) measurement are common in the clinical practice. inaccurate measurements of bp may lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment of hypertension. the preferred method of bp measurement in the clinical setting is a scultation, using the first and the fi fth korotkoff sounds. however, the use of mercury sphygmomanometer is declining. automated oscillometric device...

Inclusion for fuzzy sets was &rst introduced by Zadeh in his seminal 1965 paper. Since it was found that the de&nition of inclusion was not in the true spirit of fuzzy logic, various researchers have set out to de&ne alternative indicators of the inclusion of one fuzzy set into another. Among these alternatives, the indicator proposed by Sinha and Dougherty stands out as an intuitively appealin...

MR cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is widely used in the evaluation of pancreatobiliary disorders. As with all MRI techniques, there are pitfalls that may lead to incorrect interpretation. This article is summarized common pitfalls of MRCP, emphasizing at biliary system, that need to be aware in order to avoid the misinterpretation. Pitfalls are divided into 2 categories; false-positive and fal...

results there are many pitfalls in diagnosis of utis both with urinalysis and culture methods and also in evaluating the risk factors and causes of utis. conclusions this paper reviews and discusses the common pitfalls in diagnosis and evaluation of utis in children. context urinary tract infections (utis) are among the most common infections in children that affect up to 3% of boys and 8% of g...

In conducting and reporting of medical research, there are some common pitfalls in using statistical methodology which may result in invalid inferences being made. This paper is aimed to highlight to inexperienced statisticians or non-statistician some of the common statistical pitfalls encountered when using statistics to interpret data in medical research. We also comment on good practices to...

Ultrasonography is rapidly replacing radiological techniques of gallbladder investigation. While ultrasonography is highly accurate, there are technical, anatomical and diagnostic pitfalls which will trap the unwary. This presentation highlights the pitfalls which we have encountered, reviews the literature in this area and suggests techniques whereby these pitfalls may be avoided.

A growing number of ontologies are already available thanks to development initiatives in many different fields. In such ontology developments, developers must tackle a wide range of difficulties and handicaps, which can result in the appearance of anomalies in the resulting ontologies. Therefore, ontology evaluation plays a key role in ontology development projects. OOPS! is an on-line tool th...