در سال‎های اخیر محققان گام‎های موثری در طراحی سازه‎های مقاوم در برابر زلزله برداشته‎اند. به عبارت دیگر دیدگاه آنان در فراهم آوردن طرحی ایمن و مطمئن برای سازه در مقابل بارهای ویرانگر زلزله بهبود چشمگیری یافته است. این پیشرفت شامل تغییر نگرش دانشمندان از طراحی بر اساس نیرو به سمت طراحی بر مبنای رفتار بوده است. این روش اصطلاحاً طراحی بر اساس عملکرد سازه (performance based design) نامیده می‎شود. در ...

this study investigated how group formation method, namely student-selected vs. teacher-assigned, influences the results of the community model of teaching creative writing; i.e., group dynamics and group outcome (the quality of performance). the study adopted an experimental comparison group and microgenetic research design to observe the change process over a relatively short period of time. ...

heuristics are often used to provide solutions for flow shop scheduling problems.the performance of a heuristic is usually judged by comparing solutions and run times on test cases.this investigation proposes an analytical alternative ,called asymptotic convergence ,which tests the convergence of the heuristic to a lower bound as problem size grows. the test is a stronger variation of worst cas...

اگر بتوان وزن سازه را با حفظ مقاومت و عملکرد آن، به نحوی کاهش داد تا در طی وقوع زلزله، انرژی کمتری جذب کند؛ آنگاه خسارت‏های وارده کمتر شده و همزمان با تأمین اقتصاد طرح، ایمنی سازه نیز افزایش می‎یابد. در واقع هدف اصلی برقراری ارتباط بین دو مبحث اساسی علم مهندسی عمران، یعنی طراحی بر اساس عملکرد و بهینه‏سازی سازه‏ها است؛ تا ضمن بهبود عملکرد در سازه، بتوان وزن بهینه آن را نیز تعیین نمود. سازه‎های ف...

the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of instruction through debate on male and female efl learners’ reading comprehension, to examine the differences between the performance of male and female participants on the five dimensions of cctst including analysis, evaluation, inference, deductive reasoning, and inductive reasoning, and to examine the differences between male ...

abstract the present study was conducted to examine the effect of proficiency on students interaction while carrying out the grammar-based task(s) in collaboration. in particular, the study examines whether the level of proficiency affects the learners’ focus of attention to grammatical and lexical features. the study takes a further step and examines whether there is any difference in the use...

in this thesis, a structured hierarchical methodology based on petri nets is used to introduce a task model for a soccer goalkeeper robot. in real or robot soccer, goalkeeper is an important element which has a key role and challenging features in the game. goalkeeper aims at defending goal from scoring goals by opponent team, actually to prevent the goal from the opponent player’s attacks. thi...

this study examines the effetivenss of task-based activities in helping students learn english language structures for a better communication. initially, a michigan test was administered to the two groups of 52 students majoring in english at the allameh ghotb -e- ravandi university to ensure their homogeneity. the students scores on the grammar part of this test were also regarded as their pre...

abstract the present study was an attempt to investigate the effect of critical thinking on writing ability of 60 iranian intermediate efl learners studying at chenar language institute in khuzestan, iran. to this end, the participants of the study were selected based on their performance in an pet test, a cornell critical thinking test form x and a pre-test of writing. the participants un...