In this paper I examine Herodotus’s use of oppositional writing in the Histories as it relates to Hellenic identity in the 5th century BCE. As Greece was divided socially, politically, and linguistically, the presence of Hellenic identity at that time is questionable. Through literary analysis I determine the characteristics of antitheses and identify various cultural oppositions as either impl...

Binary oppositions are among the essential concepts and components of structuralism and linguistic and semiotic theories that are rooted in human ancient beliefs. One of the fundamental functions of the human mind is the creation of binary oppositions, which are seen in art and literature. The study of binary oppositions in literary works leads to a better understanding of them. This article is...

The role of opposition in rough set theory is laid bare. There are two sources which generate oppositions in rough sets: approximations and relations. In the former case, we outline a hexagon and a cube of oppositions. In the second case, we define a classical square of oppositions and also a tetrahedron when considering the standpoint of two agents.

In recent years, patent protection has extended into new areas, giving rise to serious concern about the lack of clear guidelines for patentability. We analyze the effect of introducing a patent opposition process that would allow patent validity to be challenged directly after a patent is granted. In many cases, such a system would avoid costly litigation at a later date. In other cases, the o...

Starting from a typology of argumentative forms proposed in linguistics by Apothéloz, and observing that the four basic forms can be organized in a square of oppositions, we present a logical language, somewhat inspired from generalized possibilistic logic, where these basic forms can be expressed. We further analyze the interplay between the formulas of this language by means of two hexagons o...

This paper presents a theoretical study of the binary oppositions underlying the mechanisms of natural computation understood as dynamical processes on natural information morphologies. Of special interest are the oppositions of discrete vs. continuous, structure vs. process, and differentiation vs. integration. The framework used is that of computing nature, where all natural processes at diff...

It has been pointed out that there is no primitive name in natural and formal languages for one corner of the famous square of oppositions. We have all, some and no, but no primitive name for not all. It is true also in the modal version of the square, we have necessary, possible and impossible, but no primitive name for not necessary. I shed here a new light on this mysterious non-lexicalisati...

Synthetic duplex DNAs of repeating sequence, such as poly d(TTC).poly d(GAA), were separated into their individual single strands. The various single strands complexed not only, as expected, with their complementary strands, but also with other non-complementary strands. Characterization of such complexes with respect to stoichiometry, Tm values and the dependence of Tm on NaCl concentration sh...

2007 was the first international congress on the “square of oppositions”. A first attempt to structure debate using n-opposition theory was presented along with the results of a first experiment on the web. Our proposal for this paper is to define relations between arguments through a structure of opposition (square of oppositions is one structure of opposition). We will be trying to answer the...