Oil palm frond (OPF) juice is a potential industrial fermentation substrate as it has high sugars content and the OPF are readily available daily. However, maximum sugars yield and storage stability of the OPF juice are yet to be determined. This study was conducted to determine the effect of physical pretreatment and storage duration of OPF petiole on sugars yield. Storage stability of OPF jui...

In this study, an injectable, biodegradable hydrogel composite of oligo[poly(ethylene glycol) fumarate] (OPF) was investigated as a carrier of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) for the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI). The OPF hydrogels were used to encapsulate mESCs. The cell differentiation in vitro over 14 days was determined via immunohistochemical examination. Then, mESCs encapsula...

In this paper, the optimal power flow (OPF) problem is augmented to account for the costs associated with the loadfollowing stability of a power network. Load-following stability costs are expressed through the linear quadratic regulator (LQR). The power network is described by a set of nonlinear differential algebraic equations (DAEs). By linearizing the DAEs around a known equilibrium, a line...

The optimal power flow (OPF) problem seeks to control the generation/consumption of generators/loads to optimize certain objectives such as to minimize the generation cost or power loss in the network. It is becoming increasingly important for distribution networks due to the emerging distributed generation and controllable loads. In this paper, we study the OPF problem in distribution networks...

This paper presents a new method for the decentralized solution of the dc optimal power flow (OPF) problem in large interconnected power systems. The method decomposes the overall OPF problem of a multiarea system into independent OPF subproblems, one for each area. The solutions of the OPF subproblems of the different areas are coordinated through a pricing mechanism until they converge to the...

Oil palm fronds (OPF) are one of the main by-products of the oil palm industry in Malaysia. It contains about 38.5 % crude fibre with ME values of about 5.65 MJ/kg dry matter. OPF has great potential to be utilized as a roughage source or as a component in a complete feed for ruminant animals. This paper briefly reviews the availability of OPF in Malaysia and its importance in the local beef an...

Optimal power flow (OPF) is a major task in power system economics and operation. In OPF power real power outputs from the generators of a power system are so adjusted that the total production cost is minimum. Security constraint OPF (SC-OPF) is minimizing the cost keeping line flows within their respective limits for security reasons. Real power output from generators, generator bus voltage m...

Optimal power flow (OPF) is a major task in power system economics and operation. In OPF power real power outputs from the generators of a power system are so adjusted that the total production cost is minimum. Security constraint OPF (SC-OPF) is minimizing the cost keeping line flows within their respective limits for security reasons. Real power output from generators, generator bus voltage m...

In this work we propose a novel automatic cast iron segmentation approach based on the Optimum-Path Forest classifier (OPF). Microscopic images from nodular, gray and malleable cast irons are segmented using OPF, and Support Vector Machines (SVM) with Radial Basis Function and SVM without kernel mapping. Results show accurate and fast segmented images, in which OPF outperformed SVMs. Our work i...

This paper describes the Obje Perception Framework (OPF ), a distributed software architecture for context sensing and inference in ubiquitous computing environments. OPF provides flexibility, scalability, and robustness even as the sensor configuration changes. For flexibility, OPF supports many context inference tasks, ways of achieving those tasks, and heterogeneity in sensor types. With res...