Eli Heckscher (1919) and Bertil Ohlin (1933) laid the groundwork for substantial developments in the theory of international trade by focusing on the relationships between the composition of countries’ factor endowments and commodity trade patterns as well as the consequences of free trade for the functional distribution of income within countries. From the outset general equilibrium forms of a...

This paper develops a two country endogenous growth model with accumulation of both physical and human capital. We establish the existence of two country balanced growth equilibria with physical and human capital growing at the same rate in which a static and dynamic version of the Heckscher-Ohlin hypothesis hold true. We also show the existence of unbalanced growth equilibria in which the stat...

â â â â â â  â  abstract â  outward-oriented economies seem to grow faster than inward-looking ones. does the literature on convergence have anything to say on this? in the dynamic heckscher-ohlin-samuelson model, with factor-price equalization, there is no convergence of incomes. this is because with identical preferences and return to capital, irrespective of initial levels the growth rates o...

Many previous tests of Heckscher-Ohlin trade theory have found underwhelming support for the idea that countries’ endowments determine their production and trade. This paper demonstrates that those efforts suffer from their focus on the narrower of the model’s two potential equilibria, which assumes that all countries produce all goods. In this paper we introduce a more general technique for te...

In this work, I construct an extended model of the Heckscher-Ohlin model, in which there is an assignment problem of how to assign workers to two types of endowments, skilled and unskilled labor. In the comparative statics for a small open economy, when product prices change, the outputs change more than in the HeckscherOhlin model. In the comparative statics for a whole economy, when consumer ...

The Heckscher-Ohlin model with arbitrary number of goods, factors and countries (consumers) and no restrictions on factor trading is shown to be equivalent to an exchange model whose goods are the productive factors while consumer’s indirect demands for factors are derived from their actual demands for consumption goods. This equivalence enables one to import properties like the pathconnectedne...

The goal of this research is to test the Heckscher-Ohlin’ theorem of comparative advantages on the sample of the Republic of Croatia and other European Union member countries. Heckscher-Ohlin theorem of comparative advantages can largely explain international trade in cases where the sample of countries is heterogeneous, in terms of the achieved level of development and the production factors a...

This paper introduces sector-specific externalities in the Heckscher–Ohlin twocountry dynamic general equilibrium model to show that indeterminacy of the equilibrium path in the world market can occur. Under certain conditions in terms of factor intensities, there are multiple equilibrium paths from the same initial distribution of capital in the world market, and the distribution of capital in...

In a two-cone Heckscher–Ohlin model with CES preferences and a continuum of goods, new northern goods increase the northern skill premium if they are skilled-labor intensive, and may increase the premium if they are unskilled-labor intensive. Thus, the introduction of new goods into US technology could have done more to increase the US skill premium than a closed-economy model would predict. I ...

The Heckscher-Ohlin-Vanek Theorem has been used to predict the factor contents of trade under the ideal assumption that factor prices are equalized. Available empirical studies have shown that the measured contents of factor trade significantly differ from the predicted factor contents of trade. This paper employs a more general definition of factor abundance in the presence of factor price dis...