background: molecular diversity of leishmania major and its morphological changes have become a controversial issue among researchers. some aspects of polymorphic shapes of amastigotes in clinical manifestations along with molecular variation were evaluated among suspected patients of some exceptional zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis locations in northern khuzestan, southwestern iran. methods: ...

glioblastoma is the most common and the most lethal primary brain cancer. this malignancy is highly locally invasive, rarely metastatic and resistant to current therapies. little is known about the distinct molecular biology of glioblastoma multiforme (gbm) in terms of initiation and progression. so far, several molecular mechanisms have been suggested to implicate in gbm development. homeodoma...

Objective(s) Nonviral vector can be an attractive alternative to gene delivery in experimental study. In spite of some advantages in comparison with the viral vectors, there are still some limitations for efficiency of gene delivery in nonviral vectors. To determine the effective expression, the recombinant Escherichia coli lacZ genes were cloned into the different variants of pcDNA3.1 and the...

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT or cloning) returns a differentiated cell to a totipotent status; a process termed nuclear reprogramming. Reproductive cloning has potential applications in both agriculture and biomedicine, but is limited by low efficiency. To understand the deficiencies of nuclear reprogramming, our research has focused on both candidate genes and global gene expression pat...

objective(s) nonviral vector can be an attractive alternative to gene delivery in experimental study. in spite of some advantages in comparison with the viral vectors, there are still some limitations for efficiency of gene delivery in nonviral vectors. to determine the effective expression, the recombinant escherichia coli lacz genes were cloned into the different variants of pcdna3.1 and then...

background: varicocele is associated with the failure of ipsilateral testicular growth and development, and the symptoms of pain and reduced fertility. the highly condensed structure of the sperm nuclear chromatin is provided by proper expression of transition nuclear protein (tnp) genes, so any dysregulational expression of these genes results in abnormal spermatogenesis and infertility. objec...

Background: Androgens are critical steroid hormones in progression of spermatogenesis process and determine the male phenotype that their actions are mediated by the androgen receptor (AR), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. In the Androgen receptor, transactivation domain encoded by exon 1, DNA binding domain encoded by exons 2 and 3, hinge region encoded by part of exon 4, and C-te...

background: elongation factor-1, a conserved nuclear protein coding gene was used to identify iranian sandfly species. the phlebotomine sandfies are the vectors of the parasitic protozoan leishmania, the causative agents of leishmaniasis, in iran. methods: seven sets of primers were tried. pcr amplification of elongation factor-1 was successfully achieved for all 14 species of iranian sandfli...