acute fulminant myocarditis is a life-threatening inflammatory disease of the myocardium characterized by the rapid deterioration of the hemodynamic status of the affected individual. with prompt recognition and appropriate management, complete recovery of ventricular function is likely within a few weeks. we introduce a 28-year-old man with acute fulminant myocarditis, who experienced circulat...

Objective(s): Myocarditis is characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration in myocardial stroma. Attenuation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β is a reliable mark for improving the prognosis. Protein kinase B (Akt) plays an important role in the development and progression of myocarditis. The specific role of the natural inhibitor of Akt, Deguel...

BACKGROUND Myocarditis can cause dilated cardiomyopathy resulting in end-stage heart failure requiring advanced therapies. There is little contemporary information on the clinical progression, need for mechanical circulatory support, and outcomes of orthotopic heart transplantation of these patients. METHODS AND RESULTS We queried the UNOS database (United Network for Organ Sharing) for all a...

BACKGROUND Atrial standstill manifests as absence of any atrial electrical activity in the surface ECG leads. Persistent atrial standstill secondary to acute myocarditis is extremely rare. CASE REPORT 10-year-old girl had atrial standstill and heart failure due to acute myocarditis. After recovery from myocarditis, heart failure resolved, but the atrial standstill persisted. OUTCOME Persist...

Viral infection of the heart is increasingly recognized as an important cause of both acute and chronic heart failure. Enteroviruses and adenoviruses have been considered the most common pathogens of viral cardiomyopathy (CMP), but parvovirus B19 (PVB19) is increasingly found in endomyocardial biopsies of patients with acute myocarditis or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (ICM). In addition to...

Myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) are often caused by viral infections and occur more frequently in men than in women, but the reasons for the sex difference remain unclear. The aim of this study was to assess whether gene changes in the heart during coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) myocarditis in male and female BALB/c mice predicted worse DCM in males. Although myocarditis (P = 4.2 × 10(-5...

BACKGROUND The prevalence of myocarditis and cardiotropic viral infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated cardiomyopathy is unknown in Africa. METHODS Between April 2002 and December 2007, we compared the prevalence of myocarditis and cardiotropic viral genomes in HIV-associated cardiomyopathy cases with HIV-negative idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy patients (i.e. negative c...

Myocarditis, characterized by myocardial inflammation, may lead to left ventricular dysfunction, heart failure, arrhythmias, conduction system disorders, and sudden death. While lymphocytic infiltration is most common, both eosinophilic and giant cell myocarditis are recognized entities. Lymphocytic myocarditis may result from systemic endocrinological, rheumatological, or toxic disorders; but ...

BACKGROUND In viral myocarditis, we previously reported that natural killer cells infiltrate the heart first, then activated T cells infiltrate second and play an important role in the pathogenesis of the myocardial damage. METHODS AND RESULTS To elucidate the nature of T-cell infiltration, using a murine model of acute myocarditis caused by coxsackievirus B3, we analyzed the expression of T-...

In 1995, the last World Health Organization (WHO)/International Society and Federation of Cardiology (ISFC) Task Force on the definition and classification of cardiomyopathies defined myocarditis (also named “inflammatory cardiomyopathy”) as an “inflammatory disease of the myocardium associated with cardiac dysfunction” [1]. In myocarditis, the inflammatory infiltrate of the myocardium is assoc...