Elevated enzyme activities in plasma may at times be attributed to the presence of macro-enzymes. The macro-enzymes are often serum enzymes in complex with immunoglobulins, resulting in a greater molecular mass that cannot be filtered by renal glomeruli and are, hence, retained in the plasma. The aspartate aminotransferase (AST) can exist as a macro-enzyme, although it has been rarely reported....

Determination of the MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase in patients with acute myocardial infarction may be disturbed by the presence of macro creatine kinase. The relative molecular mass of this form of creatine kinase in human serum is at least threefold that of the ordinary enzyme, and it is more thermostable. Here we describe our method for determination of macro creatine kinases and an easy-t...

We developed an easy to perform and rapid method for determination of the immunoglobulin class and light chain type of anti-enzyme antibodies present in macro-enzymes. The procedure is a combination of two routinely used laboratory kits, and it allows identification of the antibody involved within 1.5 hour. The applicability of the method was demonstrated for macro-lactate dehydrogenase.

Elevated enzyme activities in plasma may sometimes be due to the presence of macroenzymes.1,2 Macroenzymes are high molecular mass complexes of plasma enzymes with immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA or IgM) or other plasma components with reduced plasma clearance and prolonged half life, resulting in elevated serum activities due to the “trapping” of the enzymes in serum.3 These results may thus be erro...

CONTEXT Macroenzymes are serum enzymes presenting a higher molecular mass than the corresponding enzymes normally found in physiologic conditions or specific diseases, causing falsely increased total serum enzyme levels. The occurrence of macroenzymes represents a rare event in clinical practice, leading to unnecessary and often invasive additional diagnostic procedures. Macroamylase and macro-...

Proteolytic enzymes are well known for catalyzing hydrolytic reactions. These fall under the group of large and complex, also as proteases. mainly derived from microbial origin favored because they have a short generation time, ease genetic manipulation microorganisms, availability diverse species in nature. Macro fungi significant played an excellent role degrading lignocellulosic compounds, s...

cAMP regulates integrin-dependent adhesions of vascular endothelial cells (VECs) to extracellular matrix proteins, their vascular endothelial cadherin-dependent intercellular adhesions, and their proliferation and migration in response to growth and chemotactic factors. Previously, we reported that cAMP-elevating agents differentially inhibited migration of human VECs isolated from large vascul...

This work was designed to determine the effect of poultry droppings on diesel contaminated soil and evaluate its physiochemical properties. In this study, different ratios of diesel contaminated soil and poultry droppings have been used as raw materials. The mixture of diesel contaminated soil and poultry droppings were allowed to composting process for 40 days. The physicochemical parameters l...

(1) For every macro instruction I and for every integer location a holds card(if a = 0 then I; Goto(insloc(0)) else (StopSCMFSA)) = card I +6. (2) For every macro instruction I and for every integer location a holds card(if a > 0 then I; Goto(insloc(0)) else (StopSCMFSA)) = card I +6. Let a be an integer location and let I be a macro instruction. The functor while a = 0 do I yields a macro inst...