In this paper, we integrate goal programming (GP), Taylor Series, Kuhn-Tucker conditions and Penalty Function approaches to solve linear fractional bi-level programming (LFBLP)problems. As we know, the Taylor Series is having the property of transforming fractional functions to a polynomial. In the present article by Taylor Series we obtain polynomial objective functions which are equivalent...

One possible approach to exact real arithmetic is to use linear fractional transformations (LFT's) to represent real numbers and computations on real numbers. Recursive expressions built from LFT's are only convergent (i.e., denote a well-deened real number) if the involved LFT's are suuciently contractive. In this paper, we deene a notion of contrac-tivity for LFT's. It is used for convergence...