following the changes in the paradigm of urban studies in recent years, sustainability has become an increasingly important issue in the neighborhood’s planning and designing. however, this concept has originally been developed for american and european neighborhoods’ planning, it could also be customized for other neighborhoods’. additionally, in the neighborhood scale, the quality parameter f...

following the changes in the paradigm of urban studies in recent years, sustainability has become an increasingly important issue in the neighborhood’s planning and designing. however, this concept has originally been developed for american and european neighborhoods’ planning, it could also be customized for other neighborhoods’. additionally, in the neighborhood scale, the quality parameter f...

BACKGROUND Research examining the impact of neighborhoods on asthma has shown an increased interest in the role of the psychosocial environment. We examined the associations between various measures of neighborhood safety, individual and family characteristics, and asthma outcomes among children in Los Angeles. METHODS Multilevel logistic regression models were used to analyze data on 3,114 c...

Following the changes in the paradigm of urban studies in recent years, sustainability has become an increasingly important issue in the neighborhood’s planning and designing. However, this concept has originally been developed for American and European neighborhoods’ planning, it could also be customized for other neighborhoods’. Additionally, in the neighborhood scale, the quality parameter f...

Currently, green rating systems are mainly utilized for correctly sizing mechanical and electrical systems, which have short lifetime expectancies. In these systems, passive solar and bio-climatic architecture, which have long lifetime expectancies, are neglected. Urban rating systems consider buildings and services in addition to neighborhoods and public transportation as integral parts of the...

Prolonging network lifetime has become a real challenge in Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks (MWSNs) as sensors have limited energy. In this paper, we propose a Cluster-based Energy-efficient Scheme (CES) for electing a cluster-head to evenly distribute energy consumption in the overall network and therefore obtain a longer network lifetime. In CES, each sensor calculates its weight based on k-de...

Theory suggests that neighborhood effects depend not only on where individuals live today, but also on where they lived in the past. Previous research, however, usually measures neighborhood context only once and does not account for length of residence, thereby understating the detrimental effects of long-term neighborhood disadvantage. This study investigates effects of duration of exposure t...

Maxima of mean transient time versus driving amplitude were found for weakly dissipated Duffing oscillator. In the neighborhood of peak of mean transient time an approximate power-law dependence was found. This behavior was compared with scaling in the vicinity of crisis point and interpreted as crossing of two neighboring crisis points which appears with decrease of driving amplitude. At this ...

Wireless Sensor Networks have critical resource constraints and minimizing resources usage is crucial to extend the network lifetime. Energy saving in WSNs can be achieved through several techniques, such as topology control and clustering, to provide a longer lifetime and scalability to the network. In this paper we propose a semantic clustering model based on a fuzzy inference system to find ...

Energy efficient routing is one of the key issues to prolong lifetime of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The number of cluster and the distribution of cluster heads (CHs) have a major impact on the network performance. Energy-based clustering algorithm can greatly improve energy efficiency of WSNs because it adopts a multi-hop communication in each cluster. Besides, the neighborhood of the sin...