Production leveling is an essential element of the Toyota Production System. It aims at balancing production volume as well as production mix to reduce waste, overburden, and unevenness. The application of conventional leveling approaches is limited by the requested product diversity. Because of this production leveling is predominantly used in high volume production. Nevertheless it can be imp...

In this work, the thermal stabilities of a series of polyethylene glycols (PEG 4000, 6000 and 10000) were investigated after compositing with different kinds of inorganic salts, such as ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate (AMT), NH4VO3, (NH4)2SO4, NH4NO3, Na2SO4, Na2MoO4. It was first observed that all the ammonium salts exerted leveling effects for the thermal stabilities of the PEGs. In other wor...

Current mechanical, laser and electronic leveling instruments are sometimes not accurate enough to be used for determining either vertical or horizontal level for level-critical applications. By using an ultrasonic echolocation-based distance meter it is possible to design very accurate leveling instruments for a wide range of applications. This article overviews the accuracy of current levelin...

The application of conventional leveling approaches is limited to large scale production. This paper presents a systematic procedure for leveling of low volume and high mix production. It employs clustering techniques to group product types into product families. After that, a family-based leveling pattern is created which describes a repetitive sequence of capacity slots considering all famili...

Focused on revealing variations of dynamic characteristics of an auto-leveling system used in mobile elevating work platforms (MEWP) at large height, a unified mathematical model composited of a series of sub-models was built for the leveling systems. An effect on dynamic characteristics including the fast response and relative stability from varying-parameters was investigated. Results display...

It is well known that the most accurate method to detect changes of height is the geodetic precise leveling method. Due to the high demand work and time needed for precise leveling alternative methods are studied to obtain high quality height information. Differential SAR interferometry techniques such as the Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) method are studied to detect millimeter leve...

Leveling is a mechanism that restores or imposes uniformity on paradigms, thereby upholding the principle “one meaning one form” (Humboldt’s Universal). In a set of inflectionally-related forms, the shared element is the verb stem, whose meaning is constant across all forms. The principle of onemeaning-one-form is contravened whenever a stem alternation arises as the result of a phonological pr...

Phase Change Memory (PCM) may become a viable alternative for the design of main memory systems in the next few years. However PCM suffers from limited write endurance. Therefore future adoption of PCM as a technology for main memory will depend on the availability of practical solutions for wear leveling that avoids uneven usage especially in the presence of potentially malicious users. First ...

Vertical geodesy is undergoing a revolution because of two factors. First, new precise three-dimensional position measurement techniques used over very long distances and based on extraterrestrial reference systems provide a new class and precision of geometric data previously unavailable for geophysical investigations. Second, physical models in tectonic theory for large earthquakes predict cr...