leather manufacturing involves a crucial energy-intensive drying stage in the finishing process to remove its residual moisture. determining drying characteristics of leather is vitally important so as to optimize the drying stage. this paper describes an analytical way for determination of the drying characteristics of leather. the model presented, is based on fundamental heat and mass transfe...

Leather manufacturing involves a crucial energy-intensive drying stage in the finishing process to remove its residual moisture. Determining drying characteristics of leather is vitally important so as to optimize the drying stage. This paper describes an analytical way for determination of the drying characteristics of leather. The model presented, is based on fundamental heat and mass tra...

fruit leather is one of dried product with variable production, good marketing and popular consumption in many countries of the world. in this research, the effect of concentration temperature (55-75 °c) and time (20-40 min) and drying temperature (40-70 °c) on the chemical composition (brix, ph, sugars and vitamin c) and the microbial properties of apple leather investigated. the results showe...

The leather nesting problem is a cutting and packing optimization problem that consists in finding the best layout for a set of irregular pieces within a natural leather hide with an irregular surface and contour. In this paper, we address a real application of this problem related to the production of car seats in the automotive industry. The high quality requirements imposed on these products...

A nonlinear predictive control technique is developed to determine the optimal drying profile for a drying process. A complete nonlinear model of the baker's yeast drying process is used for predicting the future control actions. To minimize the difference between the model predictions and the desired trajectory throughout finite horizon, an objective function is described. The optimization pro...

Background: Mango is known as the king of fruits. It has several varieties however, some are more popular in country including Sindhri. Each variety its significance when used different food products. The pulp mango for developing jams, beverages, chutney (dips) etc., and sometimes preserved with additives to be production leather. In general, application drying techniques fruit puree yields a ...

This article is focused on the optimization of heat radiation intensity across the surface of an aluminium mould. The mould is warmed by infrared heaters located above the mould surface, and in this way artificial leathers in the automotive industry are produced (e.g. the artificial leather on a car dashboard). This described model allows us to specify the location of infrared heaters over the ...

A new advanced microwave drying technology has been developed using a continuous dryer combined with an air cooler. Principle of the new technology consist in using microwave absorption filters made from special porous ceramics which act as both absorbent and transparent material for microwaves. Ceramic slabs reduce intensity of microwave radiation to such a extent which prevents overheating or...