Architecture at any given time has been subject to conditions governing society. Similarly, the Qajar era is no exception. Since the beginning of cultural relations with the European countries in the middle of the Qajar era, Iranchr('39')s art and architecture have also entered a new stage. At this stage, the tradition is mixed with modernism and the physical elements of the building are cha...

The achievements of each nation in the ground of civilization prepare a national valuable property whose information is very important. Among such achievements in Ilkhani period of Iran may be counted Maragheh Observatory and Rab'-e Rashidi. They were established respectively by Khawjah Nasir al-Din Tusi and Rashid al-Din Hamedani. Khawjah Nasi established a civilization at that time and, after...