painted rocks may be considered the oldest manifestation of art in human society. the history of this art is estimated to be more than 30 thousand years. this art has also a long history in iran. this article introduces one of these rock art sites i.e. ghalat niloo which is located in kazeroon county, south-east of ghalat niloo village. the purpose of this study is to identify and determine th...

Rock art is seldom recovered from sealed archeological contexts and is therefore difficult to date or integrate with other artifactual assemblages. South African engravings, found on low rocks at open-air sites, exemplify the problem. Multiscale spatial study of technique, thematic variation, faunal content, geoarcheological paterning, settlement history, and ethno-archeological setting provide...

Rock coatings formed on petroglyphs at Petrified Forest National Park both preserve the art from erosional processes and provide tools to understand the art’s chronology. Erosional processes of rock fall from fissuresol wedging, splintering of sandstone, and flaking are somewhat offset by case hardening surfaces by addition of rock coatings. 20th century graffiti can be distinguished from truly...

A central problem in archaeological research has been the chronometric dating of petroglyphs (rock engravings). Recent improvements in the understanding of the chemistry of rock varnish (or patina) that develops on rock surfaces in arid regions has resulted in the development of a calibrated dating technique, cation-ratio (CR) dating. This is based on calibrating chemical changes in minor and m...

Ancient rock engravings (so called petroglyphs) represent one of the earliest surviving artifacts describing life of our ancestors. Recently, modern 3D scanning techniques found their application in the domain of rock art documentation by providing high-resolution reconstructions of rock surfaces. Reconstruction results demonstrate the strengths of novel 3D techniques and have the potential to ...

The Itacoatiara Archaeological Site, located in the geographical area of municipality Ingá (7°16′ S, 35° 36' W and 163 m), intermediate region Campina Grande, PB, is main monument indigenous tradition, with engravings cave inscriptions. Given importance this historical heritage, a diagnosis characteristics potential archaeological tourism was made, these determinations being objectives. methodo...

India has one of the world's largest and most significant bodies of rock paintings and engravings, yet not a single rock art site or image has been directly and accurately dated using radiometric techniques. Here we report on results from the Billasurgam Cave complex near Kurnool in southern India. Although this cave complex has been investigated archaeologically since the late 1800s, it was no...

Recording of archaeological sites has long been studied by many scientific organizations. However, the analyses and evolution of human beings through rock art is one of the most challenging tasks in prehistoric archaeology, not only because of the unpredicted contribution to the understanding of the past but also because of the difficulties for appropriate recording. Tracing, rubbing and photog...