the relation of pan-iranist party and the national front of iran until 1953 iranian coup d'état is of great importance in its periods of activity. this relation can be examined at two different levels: the obvious and pervasive support, and the opposition and separation. in the first period, the pan-iranist party supported the objectives and activities of the national front party, particul...

Based on a survey of participants in Egypt’s Tahrir Square protests, we demonstrate that social media in general, and Facebook in particular, provided new sources of information the regime could not easily control and were crucial in shaping how citizens made individual decisions about participating in protests, the logistics of protest, and the likelihood of success. We demonstrate that people...

This article analyzes Bulgarian student protests in 1990 and 1997 in their political, sociological, and cultural dimensions. Beginning with an overview of the Bulgarian political situation in the 1990s, the article goes on to consider student protests as cultural expressions of a semi-closed community. The focus is primarily on the cultural and ideological aspects of the protests, and seeks to ...

Introduction. This paper provides a contribution to understandings of information literacy regarding context and transferability of information practices. Specifically, the paper analyses the subset of information practices in situations of student protests and addresses issues of transfer of information literacy practice from a highly formal landscape to a highly non-formal and unstructured la...

This paper studies party-movement interactions in Germany, focusing on Die Linke and the AfD, two most recent additions to Germany’s multi-party system. The electoral rise of both challenger parties went along with mass protests, opposition Hartz IV mid-2000s anti-Islamic PEGIDA mobilisation mid-2010s. We shift emphasis from how social movements turn into political parties, including significan...

relative nullity is one of the sanctions against violating the rules of establishing the contract and is regarded as a known legal entity in the law of france. it is a situation that the legislator has considered in case of violating the rules supporting given party or parties. hence, he gave them authority to decide about the contract themselves and as far as the beneficial party does not have...

In the modern world, there is a rapid civilizational development of African countries. The largest and most influential state in West region Nigeria. Strategically, Nigeria strives to be regional leader take leading positions provision security. Africa currently remains religious continent socio-ethnic socio-confessional characteristics society have significant impact on almost all social proce...